■Ballet
Ballet is a theatrical dance originated in the Italian Renaissance. It mixed literature, physical perdormance, visual art and music.
■Bolero
Bolero is Spanish triple time and middle tempo dance and song that originated in late 18th century. It is composed by three parts, generally its dance performed by pairs of a man and a woman. It was greatly popular in the Spanish Court, and spread for european countries especially France. Also bolero in Latin America is duple time popular song and loved by people.
■Calypso
Calypso is a genre of casual popular song in two-two or two-four time originated in Trinidad Island in early 20th century. The characteristic of it is ‘picon’, contains social satires, and ‘calypsonians’ compete their singings. Calypso became famous by ‘Banana Boat Song’ sang by Harry Belafonte in 1957.
■Chachachá (Cha Cha Cha, Cha-cha)
Chachachá is a casual dance music created by Cuban composer Enrique Jorrin in 1951. He added vocal to a musical genre danzón, and chachachá became extremely in Cuba.
■Club Music
Club music is music played on ‘club’ (night club). Many musical genres are defined as club music, for example House, Techno, Hip-Hop, Reggae, Trance, Drum n’ Base, R&B and Club Jazz. Origins of club music and its DJ and dance style are House, Hip-Hop and Reggae. Roots of Hip-Hop are Funk, Disco and DJ and MC style of Reggae. Its of House are Disco, Soul, Synth Pop and experimental German Rock.
■Disco
■Electronic Music
Electronic music is the music entirely made by electronic instruments and computers.
Electronic music overlaps club music and dance music. But, all of genres of electronic music aren’t club music or dance music. there are some listening oriented not danceable musical genres (subgenres) such as Electronica, Click and Ambient.
■Fandango
Fandango is a style of representative Spanish folk song and dance. Nowadays it is handed down by various styles in each regions, is main selection of flamenco. The songs are triple time and consist of repetition of copla, four octosyllabic verses of eight syllables.
■Flamenco
■Funk
Funk is the genre of black music created by James Brown in the middle of 1960s. Horns, brasses and strings are used percussive, emphasizing syncopation, Brown made the special polyrhythmic sound.
For example, successors of funk are P-Funk and Prince.
■Jive
■Mambo
Mambo is a Latin dance and music style developed by playing repetition parts of danzón and son in double tempo. In 1950s Peréz Prado adopted Jazz element and his success popularized mambo.
■Meringue
■Polka
Polka is the couple dance style and music with high tempo in two-four time. It originated in about 1830 in Bohemia, and it spread over entire europa soon. It seems to be derived from the Polish folk song krakowiak.
■Reggae
Reggae is a dance music originated in in Jamaica in the 1960s. The early era of reggae was influenced by the rastafari movement (rastafarism), the original religion or faith advocates African wisdom, and promoted those messages. The success of Bon Marley popularized reggae in worldwide.
■Reggaeton
■R&B (Rhythm and Blues)
The word R&B means popular black music in late 1940s to 1950s. It succeeded and developed excitement of powerful beats and shouts of blues vocal of jump blues. R&B possessed various styles such as solo singers to vocal groups. This genre became one of element of Rock n’ Roll, and in 60’s evolved a more sophisticated music soul.
■Rumba
■Salsa
Salsa is a dance music developed by Puerto Ricans in New York during 1960s to 70s. It was born by the basis of Cuban music and influences of the Puerto Rican musical style, Jazz and Rock.
■Soul
Soul music is the genre lump together various styles of popular black music evolved from R&B in 1960s. The word ‘Soul’ contained the growing ethnic consciousness of African Americans, its background was the rise of Civil Rights Movement.
■Swing Jazz
■Tango
Tango is a dance style and music originated in La Boca as the center, port city of Buenos Aires, Argentina on around 1870s. It’s considered to born by the fusion of Cuban music habanera, european dance music polka and local folk songs. In the begging this music known as gangster’s music in the city. It came to the first peak in 1920s, and the singing tango ‘tango cancion’ appeared. Recently tango attract people’s attention by big dance shows, the revaluation of the modern tango giant Ástor Piazzolla.
■Waltz
Waltz is dance of triple time, and become the most popularized music in european balls in the 19th century, and its origin is the word ‘walzen’ (turn, pivot). Waltz used as song titles from 1790s, And in middle of 19th century Josef Lanner, Johann Strauß and Johann Strauß composed Viennese Waltzes, waltz was in its golden age.
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Genres and Styles of Black Music